Colonoscopy is one of the most effective procedures for detecting and preventing colorectal cancer through the removal of precancerous polyps. In Singapore, colorectal cancer is among the most common cancers affecting both men and women.
To improve early detection, HealthHub, a public health initiative under the Ministry of Health, recommends that average-risk individuals begin colorectal cancer screening from age 50 onwards. Regular screening allows cancers to be identified at an early and more treatable stage, significantly improving the chances of a cure.
The procedure involves inserting a thin, flexible instrument (attached to a small light and camera) through the rectum and across the entire length of the colon to visualise the lining in real time. The surgeon can identify abnormalities along the way (such as colon polyps) and remove them on the spot. Colonoscopy is also used in diagnosing various gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease.
The cost of a colonoscopy depends on where the procedure is carried out (public or private hospital), insurance coverage, doctor’s fees, and whether any additional tests or treatments are needed. Colonoscopy screening is generally covered by Medisave in Singapore for eligible patients aged 50 and above undergoing outpatient procedures.
What to Expect Before, During and Post Colonoscopy
Before your colonoscopy, your doctor will give specific instructions to help prepare your bowel for clear visibility. This usually involves a short period of dietary adjustments and taking a prescribed bowel-cleansing solution the day before the procedure. Staying well-hydrated with clear fluids while following these steps closely ensures for a clearer, more accurate examination. You will be required to fast for several hours before the procedure.
During the colonoscopy, a thin, flexible scope with a camera is gently inserted through the rectum to examine the colon while you are sedated. The doctor views the lining in real time, identifies any abnormalities such as inflammation or polyps, and remove small growths if needed. The entire process typically takes about 20 to 45 minutes.
Once the colonoscopy is completed, you’ll have a brief rest while the sedative fades and your doctor confirms you’re ready to be discharged. Some patients may experience symptoms such as mild bloating and gas, while others might experience light-headedness, mild memory lapses, or unsteadiness. These usually settle within a few hours. Most patients resume their normal activities the next day.
Understanding Your Colonoscopy Results
After your colonoscopy, your specialist will explain the findings in detail and advise on any follow-up that may be required. Results generally fall into a few common categories:
- Normal findings: This means no abnormalities were found, suggesting a healthy colon and rectum, with routine follow-up usually recommended every 5–10 years based on age and risk factors.
- Haemorrhoids: They are enlarged blood vessels near the anus, often caused by excessive straining or pregnancy. Persistent pressure weakens supporting tissues, preventing the vessels from returning to their normal position. This can lead to external piles and bleeding during bowel movements.
- Diverticular disease: They are small pouches (diverticula) form in the colon wall. While often harmless, these pouches can get inflamed or infected (diverticulitis), causing abdominal pain, fever and changes in bowel habits.
- Polyps: Small growths on the inner lining of the colon. While most are benign, some can develop into cancer over time. If polyps are discovered, doctors usually remove them during the colonoscopy and may recommend more frequent screenings.
Your doctor will review your results and explain what they mean for you, including scheduling your next screening or if further evaluation is needed. Early detection makes a significant difference. Even if minor findings appear, most conditions identified during colonoscopy are highly treatable when addressed promptly.
Care and Follow-Up Post Colonoscopy
If you had polyps removed, you might notice light spotting or mild cramping for a day or two. Avoid strenuous activity until your doctor confirms it’s safe to resume. Your clinic will also provide aftercare instructions tailored to your procedure and health needs.
It’s rare for complications to occur, but you should contact your doctor if you experience heavy bleeding, persistent pain, fever, or vomiting. These symptoms could indicate an infection or delayed bleeding that needs prompt attention. With proper rest and care, most patients feel back to normal by the next day, ready to resume their routine.
Kam Colorectal Centre is committed to making every stage of your colonoscopy experience from preparation to post-procedure care as seamless as possible. Explore our full suite of services or get in touch to schedule a consultation with Dr Kam Ming Hian.
