Anal Warts & Their Treatment

Anal warts, medically known as condyloma, are small bumps that develop around or inside the anal area. They are highly contagious, and are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that can be passed via skin-to-skin contact. While 90% of anal warts are caused by HPV strains, most anal warts do not progress to anal cancer.

Symptoms of Anal Warts

Anal warts are characterised by small, pink or flesh-coloured lumps that grow on the anus. They vary in size, can be flat or raised, and grow individually or in clusters with an appearance that is similar to a cauliflower. In most cases, anal warts are painless and do not cause symptoms. However, in cases where there are symptoms, the patient may experience the following:

• Bleeding
• Itching
• Discharge from the warts
• Sensation of a lump in the anal area

As some symptoms of anal warts are similar to that of haemorrhoids and some other anal conditions, it is recommended to see a doctor to get an accurate diagnosis.

Treatments for Anal Warts

Depending on the size, number and symptoms presented, a doctor can recommend different treatment options for anal warts, as follows:

• Topical medications – For small anal warts, the doctor may prescribe specific ointments to apply on them.
• Cryotherapy or cauterization – Alternatively, the doctor may freeze or burn off the warts. This treatment may require multiple sessions.
• Surgery – In more severe cases, or when the warts are inside the anus, the doctor may recommend surgically removing the warts. Depending on the procedure, local or general anaesthesia may be used.

If you notice warts around the anus, please seek medical attention from a colorectal doctor for a prompt diagnosis and treatment plan.